[OpenStack] 通过命令行创建实例
2017-06-21
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本文最近更新于 2018 年 07 月 06 日
上一次通过 OpenStack dashboard 创建了一个 instance，通过命令行可以查看到：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| f0460a3f-20d1-49b1-8ee7-c910fbef4990 | test | ACTIVE | - | Running | public=172.24.4.3 |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova show f0460a3f-20d1-49b1-8ee7-c910fbef4990
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | AUTO |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | localhost.localdomain |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | test |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | localhost.localdomain |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00000001 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | 0 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | r-5qlhb8ya |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | /dev/vda |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2017-06-21T02:04:05.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-06-21T02:03:01Z |
| description | test |
| flavor | m1.tiny (1) |
| hostId | d18f0387910dd4f9eb8175b0de2fffd6c5e7cd88c349cd6bc7b3bd5f |
| host_status | UP |
| id | f0460a3f-20d1-49b1-8ee7-c910fbef4990 |
| image | Attempt to boot from volume - no image supplied |
| key_name | - |
| locked | False |
| metadata | {} |
| name | test |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [{"id": "ad75a7b5-d9c5-44c8-a3ba-e274547b995e", "delete_on_termination": true}] |
| progress | 0 |
| public network | 172.24.4.3 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tags | [] |
| tenant_id | 355c595975894e7d8caa9c3af1ad3cb7 |
| updated | 2017-06-21T02:04:06Z |
| user_id | 1f8b1698b91c42169437f856426fc0b1 |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
首先我们使用命令行删除现有的 test 实例：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova help delete
usage: nova delete [--all-tenants] <server> [<server> ...]
Immediately shut down and delete specified server(s).
Positional arguments:
<server> Name or ID of server(s).
Optional arguments:
--all-tenants Delete server(s) in another tenant by name (Admin only).
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova delete test
Request to delete server test has been accepted.
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list
+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
在通过命令行创建实例之前，我们首先需要收集一些相关信息，必需的信息有 instance source, flavor。
使用 openstack flavor list 列出所有的 flavor 信息：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | 8 | True |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
如果 flavor list 中没有我们想要的 flavor，可以通过 openstack flavor create 创建，例如 openstack flavor create --ram 512 --disk 1 --vcpus 1 m1.tiny。
使用 openstack image list 列出所有的 image 信息：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| eb94652f-4764-4ec9-baca-499e181eb91b | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
如果 image list 中没有我们想要的 image，可以通过 openstack image create 创建，具体方法参见 [OpenStack] 创建第一个实例。
取得了信息之后，我们就可以使用命令行创建实例了，使用的命令格式如下：
openstack server create --flavor FLAVOR_ID --image IMAGE_ID --key-name KEY_NAME --user-data USER_DATA_FILE --security-group SEC_GROUP_NAME --property KEY=VALUE INSTANCE_NAME
例如根据上面我 list 出来的信息，使用指令如下：
openstack server create --flavor 1 --image eb94652f-4764-4ec9-baca-499e181eb91b test
执行 log 如下：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack server create --flavor 1 --image eb94652f-4764-4ec9-baca-499e181eb91b test
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | NOSTATE |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | |
| adminPass | R4bFrk6bhwPj |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-06-21T02:42:55Z |
| flavor | m1.tiny (1) |
| hostId | |
| id | 6d54bb1a-78e5-4025-949b-449295b43474 |
| image | cirros (eb94652f-4764-4ec9-baca-499e181eb91b) |
| key_name | None |
| name | test |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 355c595975894e7d8caa9c3af1ad3cb7 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | name='default' |
| status | BUILD |
| updated | 2017-06-21T02:42:55Z |
| user_id | 1f8b1698b91c42169437f856426fc0b1 |
| volumes_attached | |
+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
| 6d54bb1a-78e5-4025-949b-449295b43474 | test | BUILD | spawning | NOSTATE | |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| 6d54bb1a-78e5-4025-949b-449295b43474 | test | ACTIVE | - | Running | public=172.24.4.4 |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
使用 OpenStack 命令查看实例状态：
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------+------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image Name |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------+------------+
| 6d54bb1a-78e5-4025-949b-449295b43474 | test | ACTIVE | public=172.24.4.4 | cirros |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------+------------+
[root@localhost ~(keystone_admin)]#
关于 openstack server list 命令的其他可用项，通过下面的命令查看：
openstack help server list
- EOF -
下一篇计划写一下创建实例的流程。
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